Friday, December 27, 2019

Evidence Based Practice - 4004 Words

In this essay, I am going to consider how evidence-based practice can be used to support, justify, legitimate and/or improve clinical practice. I am also going to explore and discuss primary and secondary research evidences about how nursing interventions can potentially improve the quality of life of patients in the community suffering from heart failure. I will gather these evidences using a literature search which I will include an account of. Using a critiquing framework for support, I will appraise both primary and secondary evidences that I have chosen. I will also look at potential non-evidential factors that can influence evidence utilisation in practice. Finally, a conclusion will be drawn. Evidence-based Practice (EBP) is†¦show more content†¦I did not choose PsychInfo or Social Care Online and several specialist databases as I did not want to get any articles that focus on other perspective other than nursing. I asked the search engine to look for heart failure in the title section of articles and also lifestyle as secondary to it. I also used quotation marks to specifically search for heart failure rather than search each word individually. To further refine my search, I went onto the chronic heart failure filter. Using these search criteria, I was able to pick the primary evidence that fits best to my aims. I used the Cochraine Library to search for my secondary evidence as it is best to look for systematic reviews which is a form of secondary evidences. I used the advance search feature of the database. I performed the search using heart failure with quotation marks in the title section of articles. I also used quality of life and exercise in the abstract of possible articles as keywords. As well as this, I used the search engine’s function to only show results restricted to systematic reviews. Using these search criteria, I successfully chosen my secondary evidence. The primary evidence that I have chosen is a study conducted by Brodie et al (2008) about how a physical activity ‘lifestyle’ intervention based on motivational interviewing, compared to standard care, can improve quality of life for people with chronic heart failure. The authors of this article included an account of itsShow MoreRelatedEvidence Based Practice And Practice1007 Words   |  5 PagesItroduction: Evidence-based practice is an approach to medicine that uses scientific evidence to determine the best practice (Beyea Slattery, 2006). As nurses perform their daily tasks they must continually ask themselves, â€Å"What is the evidence for this intervention?†. Nurses are well positioned to question current nursing practices and use evidence to make care more effective. In order to improve patients’ outcomes it is the responsibility of the nurse to transition evidence-based practice into theRead MoreEvidence Based Practice For Nursing Practice2023 Words   |  9 PagesHeitkemper Bucher (2014), â€Å"Evidence-based practice is a problem-solving approach to clinical decision making. It involves the use of the best available evidence in combination with clinical expertise and patient preferences and values to achieve desired patient outcomes.† Using evidence based practice in nursing is extremely important, because evidence-based practice is the result of others trying a practice one way but needing to change some of the guidelines to make the practice safer and over all betterRead MoreEvidence Based Practice in Nursing1565 Words   |  7 PagesTitle: Evidence Based Practice in Nursing Name Course Tutor April 20th, 2013 Introduction The paper herein provides a critical discussion of evidence based practice (EBP) in nursing. It clearly elaborates on the meaning and definition of EBP as used by nurses as well as the importance of evidence based decision making as it relates to nursing care. It broadly examines the concept of EBP in nursing care and its relevance to nursing practice and to the delivery of quality patient careRead MoreThe Research Evidence Based Practice1174 Words   |  5 Pagesrole in research evidence based practice in nursing care. Transplant nurses should practice transplant nursing that is based on evidence. Institute of medicine reported that by 2020, 90% of clinical decisions should be based on evidence, but today 12% to 14% clinical decisions are only based on evidence. Pravikoff and colleagues surveyed 3000 nurses in United States with a 37% response rate .Fifty-eight percent of responding nurses had never used research to support their practice and 46% had neverRead MoreBarriers to Evide nce-Based Practices588 Words   |  2 PagesEvidence-based practice requires ready access to external evidence that can lead to up-to-date clinical decision making. Meanwhile, libraries have been under growing funding pressure when physiotherapists have been adapting evidence-based practice. Journal subscription prices have increased intensely past ten years in the field of medicine, the average price increase over this period was 304% (Albee Dingley 2000). A lot of library budgets are unable to afford such increases and libraries have hadRead MoreExploring Evidence Based Practice And Practice Essay1638 Words   |  7 PagesTitle Exploring Evidence to Enhance Learning and Practice Assignment details Drawing on a range of evidence discuss how different types of research can be used to support practice. 1500 words  ± 10% Word count 1647 Contents Introduction 2 Quantitative Data 3 Qualitative Data 4 Systematic Reviews 5 Conclusion 7 References 8 Introduction This piece of work will be exploring the different forms of research and their significance in the evidence-based practice. What is researchRead MoreThe Application Of Evidence Based Practice1388 Words   |  6 Pages The application of Evidence Based Practice (EBP) requires doctors, nurses and other healthcare staff to be proficient in conducting quality research of peer reviewed academic literature (Introduction to Evidence-Based Practice, 2016). This process enables them to obtain appropriate and relevant evidence to support medical decisions. For example, to support the medical management of preterm births within the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander community (â€Å"Health of Australia s Aboriginal Peoples†Read MoreEvidence Based Practice For Nursing Practice2100 Words   |  9 PagesEvidence-Base practice (EBP) is defined as: â€Å"based on problem identified from the practitioner’s area of practice; a combining of best evidence and professional expertise and an integration of this into current practice; about ensuring patients receive quality care, being part of quality improvement processes; about collaboration and requiring a team approach† (French, 1999). Scott and Mcsherry (2008) supported the French’s assertion, proposing the key elements of EBP are that it is a theory-drivenRead MoreApplication Of Evidence Based Practice1689 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Evidence Based Practice (EBP) is the process nurses use to conduct research and find recent and credible evidence to support best practice (McCutcheon, 2009). The process of EBP will be applied to the case study about a nurse who did not use EBP in her nursing process. This is important because providing EBP is a core philosophy in the ANMC competency standards for the registered nurse (The Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia, 2016). The report will on build assignment one whereRead MoreEvidence Based Practice Essay4468 Words   |  18 PagesThe author’s intention is to identify an aspect of clinical practice which lends itself to change at a micro level. The definition of a micro-change is an intervention of change aimed at the individual or the way small teams work. The micro-level change is not to be confused with a service change (Walsh, 2009). When considering a change in practice we need to firstly understand why we need to make a change? Secondly when making a change, we need to justify a decision. This can be achieved by

Thursday, December 19, 2019

The Pursuit Of Happiness Is The Universal Search For A Life

The pursuit of happiness is the universal search for a life an individual can feel content and satisfied with. However, as stated in class, happiness is a fleeting emotion rather than a prolonged state. Once an individual achieves a sense of happiness it is only a matter of time before they return to the starting point of their quest. Therefore, happiness alone is not enough to elicit a good life. On a similar note, in 2004, Professor Martin Seligman gave a TED talk that addressed the current direction of psychology. He believed the extent of psychology had become the ability to â€Å"make miserable people feel less miserable† rather than â€Å"[making] relatively untroubled people happier.† As a result, he and his colleagues developed positive psychology, a branch of psychology that promotes the components of happiness, well-being, and fulfillment to achieve a satisfactory life. The purpose of this project is to learn about your well-being and discover ways to increas e the quality of your life through positive psychology. For the first section of this project, I performed a self-assessment of my well-being using Seligman’s five pillars of positive psychology: Positive emotion, engagement, meaning, relationships, and accomplishment (Grison, Heatherton, Gazzaniga, 2015). I identified the characteristics of each pillar and compared them to similar criteria in my life. This process provided me with an in-depth understanding of my life in relation to the model. Following theShow MoreRelatedHumanities Through the Arts: Artistic Criticism Essay examples1063 Words   |  5 Pagespeople and America’s society focused on self-indulgence and happiness like never before. The Great Gatsby, written by F. Scott Fitzgerald, is the ideal portrayal of this time era. In a time shortly after war, this novel captures the audience, forcing them to participate in the setting and with the characters. Jay Gatsby, the focal point of this novel, is used as a representation of this era in American history and a s an example of the pursuit of the American Dream. Fitzgerald uses vivid diction thatRead MoreDemocracy : A Democratic Society Essay1601 Words   |  7 Pagesparticipate in religious observance, practice, and teaching without fear of persecution. Another right for citizens in a democratic society is the freedom of opinion and expression which gives everyone the right to their own opinion and the right to search for, gather, and convey information and ideas through the media. Freedom of association gives individuals the right to associate with other people without from government interference or intimidation and freedom of movement allows citizens to travelRead MoreAristotle s Contributions Of Western Philosophy1124 Words   |  5 Pageshaving a scale of being. This scale is regarded as a scale of values. Naturally what is placed higher on the scale possesses more value than what lies beneath. The higher an item was on the scale reflected the stage of its development. The presence of life is a determining factor in the placement of items on this scale. The human soul was viewed as nothing but an organization of the human body. Aristotle defined soul as being the perfect expression of the natural body. He saw that there was a close connectionRead MoreOf Mice and Men, American Beauty Essay examples1159 Words   |  5 Pagesduring the Great Depression when people were desperately in search of jobs, food and accommodation. 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Scott Fitzgerald s The Great Gatsby1963 Words   |  8 Pagesthe author was a part of, or an experience that he underwent this in turn allows the readers to embrace the author’s ideas with more understanding characters from the novel itself can be linked back to important people or influences in the writer’s life, for example in Fitzgerald’s case Daisy was influenced by his wife most likely can connect back to what the writer was thinking when writing the novel, by knowing that for example Fitzgerald left New York in disgust of society, much like the main characterRead MoreUtilitarian Perspective On Feminism1563 Words   |  7 Pagesbased solely in utilitarian thought. His work focuses on the Greatest Happiness Principle, one that describes happiness as search for â€Å"intended pleasure and the absence of pain† (Mill, 17). This principle explains human existence as the ongoing pursuit of happiness, finding it either in personal experience or in materialistic gratification. Any action itself can be considered right if they are made as a promotion of happiness or pleasure; reversibly they can be considered wrong if they promote unhappiness

Wednesday, December 11, 2019

Constitutional and Administrative Law

Question: Discuss about the Constitutional and Administrative Law. Answer: Introduction: Pablo owns a house in a suburb region called Pelican Point, which is located at the back of the Sydney Harbor. Pablos next-door neighbor owns a house right onto the cliff located at the back of the Sydney Harbor. The neighbor wanted to construct some stairs down the cliff facing the beach and built a small cottage on the waterfront to enjoy the beach in privacy. He submitted development consent for the same before the Pelican Point council. Pablo being the neighbor and the president of SLAPS an organization safeguarding the penguins, was strictly against the submission as the development shall block his view down to the water and it would affect the colony of little penguins residing in that area. He made a submission on his behalf and on behalf of SLAPS requesting the council to refuse to assent to the development proposal, as it would have an adverse impact upon the environment, species and him. However, the Pelican Council did not consider Pablos consideration by stating the reasons for the same. Judicial Review Judicial review plays a significant role in Australian Government system as it ensures accountability of the public officials and the legitimacy of their actions. Judicial review has been introduced by the Administrative Decisions (Judicial Review) Act, 1977 (ADJR Act) which provides the procedure to be followed in Judicial Review. A party having sufficient interest in the matter in dispute to which the judicial review relates may be involved in the judicial review process (Choper, 2013). Judicial review can seek on the grounds of irrational, illegal, improper procedure and violation of any procedural or substantive legal expectation ((Douglas Head, 2014). The parties involved in a judicial review process are entitled to one or more of the following reliefs or remedies (Cane, 2015). They are: A declaration An injunction Damages Mandatory order Prohibitory order Quashing order However, since judicial review is considered as the last resort, the claims for remedies are often becomes critical as during the judicial review proceedings, the court not only determines the legality of the claim but also determine whether such claim can be granted (Leyland Anthony, 2016). In the given scenario, Pablo and SLAPS can resort to judicial review in order to challenge the decision of the Pelican Point Council and to seek alternate remedy or remedies for the same. The judicial Review process usually includes four stages scope, standing, grounds of review and remedy. If Pablo and SLAPS seek judicial review of the decision held by the Pelican Point Council, he would seek a court order to set the decision aside or to hold back the action of the Pelican Point Council. However, a court usually does not direct any governmental department or agency regarding which course of action is to be followed by such department or agency (Pearce et al., 2015). While determining whether to allow judicial review for the matter, the court shall examine the procedure followed by the pelican point council while making the decisions (Groves, 2014). Firstly, the court shall determine whether the methods adopted by the Pelican council is in consistence with procedural fairness and is based on the principles of natural justice. Secondly, the factors taken into consideration by the Pelican point council while making such decision were in accordance with the relevant statute. Lastly, the while making the decisions, the decision makers were acting within the powers conferred upon them by the legislation (Auburn, Moffett Sharland, 2013). The role of the courts in the judicial review process is to decide whether the decision made by the government agency or department was rightly made (Pritchard, 2015). It does not review or re-make the original decisions on its merits. However, after the judicial review it is possible that the Pelican Council can give the decision but the subsequent decision shall be in strict adherence to the legislation, which is the Environmental Planning Act 2015 (NSW) in the given scenario. The court does not permit any random person to initiate a judicial review of any decision made by the Government relating to any specified administrative decision or action (Barnett, 2014). The person bringing the case before the court for to seek judicial review must have a sufficient or relevant interest in the case (Stewart, 2014). In the given scenario, Pablo and Slaps both have sufficient and relevant interest in the decision taken by the Pelican Point Council regarding the development consent for constructing a cottage near the beach. Pablo, as the neighbor of the applicant has sufficient interest in the case, as the cottage shall block his view of the Sydney Harbor. SLAPS or the Sydneysiders Love Adorable Penguins Society Incorporated was created to prevent any form of developments on the Sydney Harbor, thus protecting the little Penguins colony in that area. Pablo being the president of the SLAPS has a relevant interest in the case as the council has not considered the fact that the development of the cottage in the area shall affect the environment and the penguins as well. Pablo and SLAPS may seek judicial review because the decision made by the Pelican point council is: Irrational- the decision made by the pelican point council is irrational. The purpose of the Environmental Planning Act 2015 (NSW) laid down under section 5 of the Act stipulates that the Act shall encourage proper management and conserve artificial and natural resources including natural areas, forests, water, cities, agricultural land in order to promote economic and social welfare of the society and to maintain a better environment. Whereas, the Pelican Point Council has disregarded the fact that the development of cottage would affect the little Penguins who, if are not allowed to gather on the beach would have to travel further or swim to another place. This may be dangerous as either they may be eaten by in the water or would be tired of they have to travel far. Further, SLAPS claims that if the cottage is built, it might encourage other people to build and the items washed out of the cottage would end up as trash, which would be detrimental for the marine life including the li ttle penguins. Therefore, the decision made by the Council is so unreasonable that no relevant authority would make such decision. Improper Procedure- the decision made by the council was not made in compliance with the Environmental Planning Act 2015 (NSW) and neither the decision is based on the principle of natural justice. The Pelican Point Council has infringed the statutory provisions stipulated under section 5 and 79 C of the Act. The principle of natural justice refers to fair hearing which states that every person has a right to a fair hearing, that is, before deciding a case the decision maker must hear the contentions made by the other side (audi alteram partem) and no one can judge in his own case ( nemo judex in causa sua) (Marume et al., 2016). In the given scenario, SLAPS requests that Pablo must be given an opportunity to show the penguin colony to the Pelican Point Council and to understand the plight of the penguins and inspect their habitat in person. However, the Pelican Point Council did not consider looking or hearing what Pablo had to say regarding the plight of the penguins and their habi tat. They decided to the matter based on the written submissions and rejected SLAPS contention to hear Pablo, thus, infringing the principle of natural justice. Breach of substantive and Procedural legislation- However, Environmental Planning Act 2015 (NSW) itself contains a provision under Section 94 which stipulates that if the consent authority is of the opinion that the development would enhance the demand for public services or facilities within the specified area, the consent authority may allow such development consent submission. Such submission is accepted subject to a condition that the person making such submission makes a monetary contribution. If the procedural legislation itself includes unfair provisions, it cannot be expected from the public authority to exercise fairly (McDonald, 2015). The statute contradicts with its own provisions. On one hand, it stipulates that the objective of the Act is to safeguard the natural resources, animals and the environment under section 5 of the Act. On the other hand, it states under section 94 of the Act that if any development proposal increases the demand for public services or facilitie s, such development proposal shall be granted. Moreover, the Council is also of the opinion that their policy does not consider protection of penguin and a development application cannot be refused merely on that ground. In addition, the council is competent to charge Pablos neighbor development contribution under section 94 of the Act to keep boats from getting close to the cottage. If Pablo and SLAPS claims remedies against the decision made by the Pelican Point Council, the court shall determine the fact whether such claim is justifiable and whether the claim for remedies can be granted. However, if the court is of the opinion that remedies may be granted in the case, then Pablo and SLAPS shall be entitled to one or more of the following reliefs: Quashing order the court may pass a quashing order to nullify the original decision passed by the Pelican point council. Mandatory order- the court may also pass a mandatory order directing the council under review to carry out its legal duties effectively. Injunction- the court may also pass an injunction order to restrain the council and the applicant from developing cottage in the beach area. Reference list Auburn, J., Moffett, J., Sharland, A. (2013).Judicial Review: Principles and Procedure. OUP Oxford. Barnett, H. (2014).Constitutional administrative law. Routledge. Cane, P. (2015). Records, Reasons and Rationality in Judicial Control of Administrative Power: England, the US and Australia.Israel Law Review,48(03), 309-328. Choper, J. H. (2013).Judicial review and the national political process: A functional reconsideration of the role of the Supreme Court. Quid Pro Books. Douglas, R., Head, M. (2014).Douglas and Jones's administrative law. Groves, M. (Ed.). (2014).Modern Administrative Law in Australia: Concepts and Context. Cambridge University Press. Leyland, P., Anthony, G. (2016).Textbook on administrative law. Oxford University Press. Marume, S. B. M., Jubenkanda, R. R., Namusi, C. W., Madziyire, N. C. (2016). The Principles of natural justice in public administration and administrative law. McDonald, L. (2015). Reason, Reasonableness and Intelligible Justification in Judicial Review.Sydney L. Rev.,37, 467. Pearce, D. C., Paterson, M., Zifcak, S. P., Telford, P. (Eds.). (2015).Australian Administrative Law. Pritchard, J. (2015, January). The rise and rise of merits review: Implications for judicial review and for administrative law. InAIAL Forum(No. 79, p. 14). Australian Institute of Administrative Law. Stewart, D. (2014). Statutory authority to contract and the role of judicial review.U. Queensland LJ,33, 43.

Tuesday, December 3, 2019

Scotch Thistle Essays - Invasive Plant Species, Agricultural Pests

Forage Production Scotch thistle (Onopordum acanthium) also known as cotton thistle or woolly thistle is native of Europe and eastern Asia and is probably an escaped ornamental plant. Scotch thistle stands are dense and practically impenetrable due to the weed's spiny nature and large size. It spreads by seed and generally inhabits moist sites or drainages in dry locations. It was introduced in the 1800s to the United States and it crowds out native species and crops. Scotch thistle is a branched, robust biennial (or sometimes annual) although it can behave as a winter or summer annual or a short-lived perennial under certain situations. Often grows 8 feet or more in height and 6 feet in width. Main stems may be up to 4 inches wide at the base. Stems have vertical rows of prominent, spiny, ribbon-like leaf material or "wings" that extend to the base of the flower heads. Leaves, which are armed with sharp, yellow spines, are up to 2 feet long and 1 foot wide. Upper and lower leaf surfaces are covered with a thick mat of cotton-like or woolly hairs, which give the foliage a gray-green appearance. Plants flower in mid-summer from July to September. The globe-shaped flower heads are borne in groups of 2 or 3 on branch tips. Flower heads are up to 2 inches in diameter, with long, stiff, needle-like bracts at the base. Flowers range in color from dark pink to lavender. Seeds are smooth, slender, and plumed. As a biennial, Scotch thistle typically lives for two growing seasons. Seeds usually germinate in the late fall, but germination can occur at other times, as well. Seedlings that appear in late autumn behave as true biennials, but seedlings produced during late summer or early autumn behave as annuals. During its first year, Scotch thistle produces a rosette with a taproot that may extend down 1 foot or more. Early in the second year, the plant bolts. Plants produce 8,400 to 40,000 seeds. Reports on seed longevity in the soil vary from unknown to up to 20+ years. Seeds are dispersed locally by wind; humans, water, livestock, and wildlife are involved in longer-distance dispersal. Seeds are sensitive to light. While some seeds will germinate in the dark, studies indicate that most germination occurs with alternating light/dark cycles, with 8 hours being the optimal day length Scotch thistle is a wasteland weed that generally inhabits moist sites or drainages in dry locations. If not controlled, it presses into farmland or forms dense canopies in any area overgrazed or not under intense cultivation. It is a major agricultural weed in the western United States. If the soil is moist enough, it has the ability to re-sprout when its roots are cut up during cultivation. In the western U.S., Scotch thistle infests wet meadows and pastures, as well as more arid big sagebrush sites. Scotch thistle is often associated with waste places, as well as rivers, streams, canals, or other waterways. It can also be abundant in dry pastures, fields, and rangeland. In particular, the plant thrives in light, well-drained, and sandy or stony soils. Temperature and moisture, rather than soil nutrient concentrations determine the ecological performance of Onopordum species. It is a major issue in rangeland management in northeastern Oregon, Idaho, and Utah. Scotch thistle can sp read rapidly. For example, it was first found in Utah in 1963. By 1981, it covered approximately 6070 hectares in 17 counties. Eight years later, it had spread to cover more than 22,540 hectares in 22 counties. Small areas can be eradicated by digging. Plants must be cut off below the soil, leaving no leaves attached. Mowing has limited effectiveness for controlling Scotch thistle. It usually only prevents seed production if done either immediately prior to flowering or when plants are just starting to flower. When mowing is conducted too early, it may only delay flowering. However, when plants are cut too late in the flowering process, viable seed may still develop in the capitula following cutting. Because there can be a wide variety in the maturity of plants, a single mowing is unlikely to provide satisfactory control. Establishing and maintaining dense, vigorous, competitive pasture can effectively prevent Scotch thistle establishment. Healthy pasture is

Wednesday, November 27, 2019

Eminent Domain History, Elements, Usage

Eminent domain is the power of a government to seize private property for public purposes in exchange for payment at fair prices. A variety of property rights such as land and water rights is subject to eminent domain. Eminent domain is an area that seriously challenges the court. This is because many private owners of property  complain  terribly much about this government right. They also  begin  initiating actions against the government.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Eminent Domain: History, Elements, Usage specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More History of eminent domain This  idea  of eminent domain did not start now. It still existed since biblical times. For example, when King Ahab offered Naboth compensation for his vineyard. In 1789, France was able to recognise private property owner’s compensation for taken property. Acknowledging eminent domain in the Fifth Amendment into the constitutio n occurs after this amendment. Just compensation is a requirement so as to ease financial burdens incurred by the property owners and for the benefit of the public (Bradley 96). Elements of eminent domain For a government to exercise this  power  of eminent domain, it must prove that the four elements  set  in the Fifth Amendment are  present. They include: private property, must be taken, for public use and with just compensation. Private property This element requires the property taken to be private. Private  property  includes land, option, stock, and other items. Taking It refers to taking  physical  property  as well as taking  property  through reducing its  value. The cause for the reduction of the value of property is due to problems like noise, accessibility, and other agents. Some property rights  get  protection  from the constitution. For example, water rights: changing of land from the waterfront to inland property through constructing h ighways, and roads leads to the owner receiving compensation for the loss of waterfront. Reasonable, and  ordinarily  use of space above private land is another  property  that receives constitutional protection. For example, aircraft flights above a privately owned land, that seriously interfere with the property that the owner use results to taking. Compensation only happens if the flights are too  low  and  extremely  frequent  that they directly interfere with the owner’s property and  enjoyment. Publication of plans and laying out  public  improvements like streets and highways are actions by the government that the court do not  consider  taking. Regulation of  property  has not been traditionally recognised by the court as taking. Regulating property leads to restricting its  usage  by the owner and may  violate  him or her rights. The  state  uses police  power  to control use of the private property in order to  imple ment  regulation  of property.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Public use This is the third element. It requires that the property taken to be beneficial to the public rather than individuals. Therefore, the court determines if the property taken was to be used to  benefit  the general public. To determine whether property taken is for  public  use, the court determines whether the largest portion of the property is in use by the public.  Public use, therefore, is an  element  that is up to seeing the  aim  of taking private property; if the property serves the public or specific individuals. Just compensation This element states that the amount of compensation given to  property  damaged should be  acceptable  to both the private owner and to the public. The court emphasises on the right to the  private  owner eminent domain proceedings. In this case, the owner does not  initiate  the action; it brought to her or him since the public is the one that requires  land  for use (Epstein 267). The proceedings become a burden to the owner. Fair market value is the  measure  of  damage  of the property taken for public use. Assessing of the value of real property is according to how  significant  it will  be  to the public. Elements to consider are history of an area, adaptability of the land for future constructions, and the intended use of the property or land. Measuring the amount of compensation should be  corresponding  to the owner’s  loss  rather than the condemner’s  gain. Also, the owner’s compensation should be equal to his/her financial  status  before the taking of  property  took place. Condemnation proceedings The government or the state initiates them to  commit  private property to public. The procedure of  condemnation  has two stages: the one relating to the acquisition of property, and relating to fixation of compensation for the property owner. The state requires special procedures for some cases like when constructing a highway, property taken for a street, a canal, or a waterway. The aim of condemnation proceedings is to protect the rights of landowners. It ensures that compensation occurs adequately. Once  proceedings  start, it is the  duty  of the landowner to prove that he had a right to compensation. People  believe  condemnation proceedings as an adversary although the court gives a  view  that they are not. It states that it is just a mere act of filling the  action  to confer possession by the state.  Further condemnation proceedings  are considered  administrative  when the  executive  body conducts it. Works Cited Bradley, Amanda A.  Eminent domain. Eau Claire, WI: Lorman Education Services, 2007. Print. Epstein, Richard Allen.  Takings: private property and the powe r of eminent domain. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, 1985. PrintAdvertising We will write a custom essay sample on Eminent Domain: History, Elements, Usage specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This essay on Eminent Domain: History, Elements, Usage was written and submitted by user Hobgoblin to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Saturday, November 23, 2019

The eNotes Blog To Teach a Mockingbird LetsDiscuss

To Teach a Mockingbird LetsDiscuss A school district in Biloxi, Mississippi, recently made waves when it decided to pull Harper Lee’s To Kill a Mockingbird from required reading in its school. The reason? The language made students â€Å"uncomfortable.† Banning books has long been a problem in the United States  and one that (justifiably) infuriates the general public. If we are a country founded on freedom and, therefore, free speech, censoring books in the public school system is one of the most defiant actions against the Bill of Rights. Yes, books may contain ideas or introduce lifestyles that make us uncomfortable, but it is the right and even the responsibility of each student to make their own assumptions and opinions. By banning books, we are simply taking away knowledge that enhances and expands student perspectives- the exact opposite of what education should be. Teachers also play a large role when teaching To Kill a Mockingbird and discussing powerful topics. Controversial books generally deal with thematic content that can be difficult to teach appropriately. To Kill a Mockingbird has, for years, been a springboard for discussion on racism, a topic that can be difficult to bring up in classrooms. Unfortunately, there may be detrimental effects when a teacher overlooks certain aspects of the novel. For example, what are the full implications of Lee’s artistic choices when developing her characters of color? Take Calpurnia: when students view her through Scout’s eyes, what potential lessons could students internalize about the role of black women? Banning books is not the answer, but perhaps the school district in Biloxi was onto something, just not for the right reasons- districts can select only a few number of works they choose to teach a year, and  To Kill a Mockingbird has traditionally been on the syllabus for decades. Perhaps there should be room for more recent works that touch on the same topics in a different approach. Conversely, it has remained on the syllabus for extremely valid reasons, as it pushes students to expand their perspectives. All of this leads to a pivotal question: should we continue to teach To Kill a Mockingbird in high schools? Let’s explore both sides. No, We Should Not Teach To Kill a Mockingbird: I first read To Kill a Mockingbird in eighth grade, and it’s a novel I still hold dear to my heart because of the classroom discussions that left a lasting impact on me. I remember learning about lynchings and about the United States’s ugly past; I became more aware of the world I lived in and how the US treats black people and how history influences where we are today. These are huge, important lessons that I believe need to be taught in school. To Kill a Mockingbird was an effective way to do that. However, I recently realized who this book is intended for: white people. My school was primarily white and in my English class, specifically, we had no black students. I didn’t even think about the implications of what being a black student and learning about race from a very white perspective would be like. As author Alice Randall  points out, â€Å"the black child who has been verbally abused by being called a ‘nigger’ in the schoolyard could be more hurt hearing that word taught in the classroom† To Kill a Mockingbird is regularly taught to readers at a young-ish age. While eighth graders and high schoolers are typically able to possess the reading comprehension to understand it, they may not be in the position to fully understand it. It may be more appropriate for adults, with its thematic content and nuanced subject matter, but six-year-old Scout’s point of view misleads many to believe that it is targeted at a younger audience. To Kill a Mockingbird can be taught to be more than just teaching empathy or understanding that the â€Å"n-word is bad.† To Kill a Mockingbird can be used as a perfect example of what white saviorism is, of understanding that Atticus is just as flawed as the rest of us, and that there is so much more to racism than just individuals who hold racist beliefs- it’s an entire system. The issue here is that it’s not always taught through this lens. Atticus Finch is often thought of as a beacon of morality, and his teachings on empathy have been used by children and parents alike. However, his character is more complicated than this. Written from Scout’s young perspective, it’s easy to see Atticus through her eyes, as a hero. If we look at him from a more critical lens, Atticus emerges as a white savior. In media, white saviorism is when the story focuses on a white character who acts to help a non-white character. Unfortunately, the non-white character is reduced to a prop while the white character is glorified. One could argue that Atticus shouldn’t be taught as a civil rights hero (as he so often is) since he only worked with the system, not against it. Malcolm Gladwell, in his article for The New Yorker, writes that â€Å"Finch will stand up to racists. He’ll use his moral authority to shame them into silenceWhat he will not do is look at the problem of racism outside the immediate context of Mr. Cunningham, Mr. Levy, and the island community of Maycomb, Alabama.† Furthermore, To Kill a Mockingbird focuses on Atticus and his attempt to â€Å"save† Tom Robinson but provides no insight into Tom Robinson’s perspective. In fact, To Kill a Mockingbird completely ignores the perspectives and viewpoints of any black characters. When Robinson is lynched, we do not have to deal with the devastating effects of the lynching (what happens to his family, etc.); instead, we get to safely lie in bed with Scout and have Atticus read to us as we happily end the novel. If we want to use literature to begin the discussion on racism in the US, perhaps we should turn towards works written by people of color, for people of color, about people of color. To Kill a Mockingbird does the opposite, focusing on Atticus and his relationship to Tom Robinson and his attempts to â€Å"save† him in an unjust society. I could go on about how Atticus compares himself to a Klan member, how he does little to confront the overt racists in Maycomb, and how he fails to practice empathy himself. He’s a complex character who possesses numerous nuances that are often overlooked when teaching the novel. His faults can lead to important discourse- discourse that we need in our society right now because so many of us fall into the trap of the â€Å"accommodation† mindset rather than â€Å"reformation† one to the systemic injustices in our society. This requires highly qualified teachers and ones who understand the complexities of the novel and how to teach it appropriately, a tall order for all schools in the nation that end up teaching To Kill a Mockingbird. To Kill a Mockingbird is a work of literary genius- do not get me wrong. But, what makes it such an everlasting piece of work are its often overlooked complexities when teaching it to our students. This can be harmful and especially problematic because there is so much more to the book than just a feel-good, coming-of-age novel. When it becomes misconstrued as just that, we lose sight of the more important ideas of the novel: race in the US- the very thing we use to defend To Kill a Mockingbird in the first place. Yes, We Should Teach To Kill a Mockingbird: We should teach To Kill a Mockingbird because students are neither too inexperienced nor too young to learn and understand deeper issues. It may require more effort to effectively teach this novel, but it undoubtedly pays off. Education is about pushing limits, making things uncomfortable, and forcing us to face the reality we live in. What good does it do to shield students away from things that could potentially make them uncomfortable? To Kill a Mockingbird forces us to confront things we may not necessarily want to confront. Racism, whether subtle or overt, still exists and by banning it, or not teaching it, only causes a disservice to students. This book is unparalleled in its emotional effects; it’s often the first novel  that students are introduced to them that really makes them feel, both enlightened but also inspired. Shouldn’t that count for something? And, sometimes those feelings also include discomfort which should not be a reason to toss it, but instead a reason to teach it. Leonard Pitts Jr., columnist, stated  that â€Å"some of those discomfited by Lees book are African American. It makes no difference. In literature, as in protest, the audiences discomfort is often a sign the message is being received. It can offer an invaluable opportunity to consider, reconsider, debate, teach, learn, reflect, and grow.† Lee’s timeless classic can be read at varying points in our lives, and while it may not be geared towards children, it should be introduced in schools at some point. That first introduction can be the beginning of larger discourse and hopefully an extended journey with understanding the book and all of its complexities. If perhaps the first time we read it and the concept of white saviorism or Atticus’s failure to practice empathy usually goes over our heads, we are still left with other important elements of the novel. As with many literary classics, we gain more from reading them after we’ve gained more life experience. It would be impossible to expect a teacher to cover every single lesson a book can provide. That’s why we have literature classes and why we teach books written hundreds of years ago- there’s always more to learn from a book and that should not be a reason to rule it out in the classroom. Furthermore, To Kill a Mockingbird is thought-provoking and stimulating to many students- qualities that can get students excited to actually read it. We are immediately pulled in by Scout’s voice and the riveting plot of Tom Robinson’s trial. It explores issues of morality, identity, and growing up, which are themes all children face today. And, yes, it explores racism, which is certainly something children need to begin to understand and discuss. To Kill a Mockingbird may have the potential to be problematic under certain circumstances, but ultimately it is a coming-of-age book that enlarges students’ perspectives while also providing hope, which is much needed in our society today. What do you think? Should we continue to teach To Kill a Mockingbird in high schools? Why or why not? Let us know in the comments! Featured image via hollywoodreporter.com.

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Condition of women in the period between the American Revolution and Essay

Condition of women in the period between the American Revolution and the Civil War - Essay Example The first quote I chose is one that was given to Lucy by her soon to be husband, Henry Blackwell. She had voiced concerns over the marriage to which he responded, "I wish, as a husband, to renounce all the privileges which the law confers upon me, which are not strictly mutual. Surely such a marriage will not degrade you, dearest" (Lewis, 1999). This quote deals with the marriage laws that were in place during the mid 1800's when Lucy and Henry were married. The laws took all the rights, property and identity away from the woman and gave them to the man. They released a statement mutually protesting the laws that essentially robbed woman of their selfhood by stating, "The legal existence of the wife is suspended during marriage" (Lewis, 1999). They would not agree to any law that did not afford mutual benefits and power. Looking at the marriage laws of their time it is easy to see how things have changed. In virtually every civil and religious marriage ceremony performed today, unless the couple have written their own vows, the vows exchanged are identical. That was not the case at the time that Lucy Stone was married. Had she agreed to said laws, she would have lost any rights she had as an individual, and would essentially be the property of her husband.

Wednesday, November 20, 2019

Managerial Economics Week 6 Individual Work 1 Assignment

Managerial Economics Week 6 Individual Work 1 - Assignment Example However, the decision may be affecting passengers and the public. The policy of increasing charges luggage fees can increase revenues for airlines. U.S. airlines collected more than a billion dollars in baggage fees for overweight bags, or extra bags in 2008. The revenue was an increase of 148 percent from the previous year. From a managerial perspective, the decision by U.S airways to charge $25 luggage fees for first checked bags was the best decision for the airline. Fluctuating oil prices are a major constraint and limiting resources that affect decisions of most managers. Given the high operation costs for maintaining an airline firm in the market decision such as developing luggage fees may become beneficial to the airline. Managers in US airline decided to charge luggage fees as one of the best alternative to solve the problem of increased costs of oil and operational costs for the air travel. Airlines are companies meaning they need to make decisions that boost their revenues. Increases in revenues enable airlines to remain competitive in the industry. The increase in oil prices is an evident phenomenon all over the world. The world economy is also unstable. Volatility in oil prices and world economic downturn are some of the biggest challenges the airline industry has to face today. Increased o il prices and security costs are major reasons explaining operational losses for many passenger airline companies. It is because of such costs that airline companies such as US airway decide to implement revenue generating fees for services that traditionally were part of the air ticket prices. The fact that charging luggage fees in enraging passengers a lot raises many questions, for example, should the U.S. airway and other airline firms continue charging luggage fees or should they include the fees in the ticket price? While most passengers accepted

Sunday, November 17, 2019

Memo Spiderman Essay Example for Free

Memo Spiderman Essay For this assignment I have chosen Spiderman. In the last movie of the trilogy, Spiderman turns into the Dark-Spidey by a symbiote that enters into his body and changes him.  When the symbiote attacks Peter Parker he at first feels more powerful. He turns black and acts without judgment. People still see him as Spiderman, so his new personality runs his body and runs the town he is supposed to be helping. Mary Jane and others start to notice the changes in him and alienate themselves from him. Eventually he returns back to regular Peter Parker and Spiderman. Normally Spiderman’s actions would just seem like a hiccup in his judgment. However, using the psychodynamic theory to analyze his actions, there would be a better explanation for his changes. Using the concepts of Id, Ego, and Superego, the levels of Spiderman can be explained. Spiderman helps everyone in the city and with good intentions. He follows the rules, but still acts as a superhero. Spiderman in this case would be the Superego of Peter Parker. In the psychodynamic theory, a superego purpose is to uphold the moral rules of the social world. However, when he changes into the Dark-Spidey he lets out his Id. He acts out. Dark-Spidey wants to run the city for his own pleasure and does not think of others. In a Freudian perspective, the Id is a pleasure seeker. Peter Parker does not act out by any means. He works as a regular reporter for the Daily Bugle. Parker would be the Ego, by acting in accordance to the constraints of his life but still balancing his Id and his Superego. Although this example is completely fictional, this portion of Freud’s theory applies very well and makes sense. Most people will eventual let out their Id out, because they go for what they want when they want it. The theory cannot be tested, but fluxes in people show that the Id, Ego, and Superego do exist to some extent.

Friday, November 15, 2019

Leisure And Recreation: Museums

Leisure And Recreation: Museums In this piece of work I have discussed the history of the museum and its establishment in London including its unique characterstics.The possible key challenges faced by the attraction in coming future and the ways to combat these challenges by giving proposed management including range of aspects Leisure is the opportunity available to an individual after completing the immediate necessities of life, when he or she has the freedom to choose and engage in an experience that is expected to be personally satisfying From Edexcel Leisure and Recreation Course Specification The term leisure is an ever changing concept that reflects the current social and economic conditions and aspirations, adapting in response to consumer demand and expectations The idea of leisure being described as a state of mind originated with Aristotle. He believed that leisure was a form of self-indulgence and self-improvement. Leisure is seen as a mans greatest possession because it is essential for self development. It forces us to step back from the constant pressures of daily life in order for us to see what is really important (Aristotle internet website) IMPORTANCE OF LEISURE Each person has their own opinion of what leisure means to them and there is no set definition of the word as it covers a wide range of things. leisure time and how it is spent is an individuals choice and the way in which they spend it whether it be home based, active or passive. As long as the individual gets satisfaction from this leisure time then it has been used to its potential. Leisure is important because everyone needs a little bit of relaxation in their life. Having leisure helps a person relieve stress, have time to themselves, and just to recharge their body and mind. Leisure is very important for ones mental and physical health. It provides an opportunity to spend time as you want away from regular work stress with family and friends. It is very important for an individual to take time out for itself as it bring about a positive flow of energy in an individual. Leisure as a function has changed enormously over the last 100 years. With the arrival of new technology some forms of leisure have increased their range of activities hugely. 100 years ago art was considered to be drama, stage shows, architecture and so on. Now it include many different forms. Broadcasting, Film Production and Video were all aspects of the Art Council that received funding in the last year. These have only been considered arts in the last century. The Government, private companies and investors have also discovered the commercial side of leisure. From this information it can be concluded that over the last 100 years leisure has evolved from something that is the opposite of work to something that is vital in our everyday lives. Madame tussauds is among the popular leisure attraction of the present time, it is standing at its place from last 200 years but getting more popular with time for the kind of unique entertainment it is providing to its visitors. Celebrities wax images draw visitors towards itself. IT is a kind of place which has all kind of attraction in it from past to present both for history lovers and for modern young youth.It helps to make visitors dreams come true when they want to touch or meet the personality they like ,which otherwise my not be possible for them because either it has become history or is very big celebrity of modern time ,whom one cant meet. Is it real or is it wax? Sometimes its hard to tell the difference when youre at Madame Tussauds Wax Museum .This unique museum of its own kind has entertained about 500 million visitors since it first opened. The Target Market for Madame Tussauds is to attract all types of consumers, from all social classes. As well as Domestic and Ove rseas visitors. (Refer to appendix 5) London is a cosmopolitan city having peple all around the world with different cultures.The management of Madame tussauds when targeting marketing has taken advantage of this feature of the city and has kept different types of wax sculptures which visitors want to see for example to attract Asian visitors there are various political, sports ,and entertainment figures in the museum. According to the student pack of Madame Tussauds, it identifies their Current Market as Demographics Segmentation according to social class. (Refer to appendix 6) Kotler (1994) believes marketing a product/service, includes potential customers for using this specific product/service. Therefore, organisations will effectively market their product/service according to the Segment of market. This has been known as Target Market. Additionally to Lancaster Reynololds (1999), indicate that, in order to acquire target segment, the organisations has to break down the amount of the total market into different sub-groups / segments, according to their needs and wants, in-order to make the product/service attract consumers within that market segment. Madame Tussauds uses segmentation and targeting market, because it provides many return to their organisation, such as: à ¼ It allows the exhibition to identify their customer groups with different requirements and wants à ¼ The exhibition objective can be achieved easily. For example; profit maximisation and long term growth à ¼ When there are market gaps in a market, it is assessed and then satisfied, this can be done by using unique product / promotional offerings à ¼ By handling marketing mix, in order for competence recognise the target needs. This will lead to an increase customers satisfaction history The name of Madame Tussaud is a famous one known the world over. Most people have heard of the waxwork exhibitions that have her name attached to them, but there was a real woman after whom subsequent exhibitions were named. Madame Marie Tussaud was born Marie Grosholtz on December 1st 1761, in Strasbourg, France. Maries father, Joseph Grosholtz, had been a soldier during the Seven Year War, but had died two months prior to Maries birth. After Maries birth, her mother, Anne Made, moved both of them to Berne, Switzerland, Maries mother obtaining a job as a housekeeper with Dr. Philippe Curtius. In some sources Curtius is named as Maries uncle, though this is probably due to friendship rather than blood ties. Curtius was a skilled physician, who used wax models he made to demonstrate anatomy. Curtius passed on his knowledge of wax modelling to Marie. In 1765 Curtius moved to Paris in order to set up a waxwork show, one of his first casts was of Louis XVs mistress, Marie-Jeanne du Barry. Two years later Marie and her mother joined Curtius in Paris. It took until 1770 for Curtius to be in a position to host his first exhibition, but it immediately became a success attracting large audiences. By 1776 Curtius exhibition was such a success that it moved to the Palais Royal. During this period Curtius continued his tuition of Marie, and soon she was modelling her own waxworks. She met a number of famous individuals; her first wax figure was of Francois Voltaire in 1777, and was quickly followed by Benjamin Franklin and Jean Jacques Rousseau. In addition to famous individuals, Curtius exhibition was also visited by the French Royal family. Curtius expanded his waxworks into a second location, the Caverne des Grands Voleurs on Boulevard du Temple. Marie though had been picked as tutor for the artistic education of Elizabeth, King Louis XVIs sister. Living at the Royal court at Versailles caused problems when the Revolution came. Arrested for allegedly having royalist sympathies, Marie was imprisoned in La Force prison alongside aristocrats and other sympathisers. It is not clear why Marie was saved from the guillotine, her talent at making death masks may have been one, although her acquaintance with Robespierre and Napoleon may have helped. What ever the reason, Marie never faced the guillotine, although she was forced to make death masks from the victims of it, these included friends like Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette. In prison she shared a cell with Josephine de Beauharais, the future Empress Josephine, and together the two friends were eventually released. Upon the death of Curtius in 1794, the whole waxwork collection was left to Marie. In the following year, Marie married an engineer, Francois Tussaud, and before 1800 Marie had given birth to two sons, Joseph and Francois. The thriving business of pre-revolution days though struggled in the relative depravation of the New France. To improve their prospects Marie made the decision to take her waxworks on tour. In 1802, Marie along with Joseph travelled to London, with her collection of death masks and wax figures. Resumption though in Revolutionary/Napoleonic War between Britain and France, meant that Marie was stranded, separated from her husband and second son. Extending her tour, Marie took her waxworks on a tour of Britain and Ireland, a tour which would last 33 years. Francois joined Marie in Britain in 1821, following the deaths of Maries husband and mother. The tour came to end in 1835, when Marie found a permanent base for Madame Tussauds on Baker Street. The permanent site was soon attracting a large audience, drawn to the Chamber of Horrors, where victims of the French Revolution and notable murderers and criminals were exhibited. Marie wrote her memoirs in 1838, as her collection continued to grow, the figures of Nelson and Sir Walter Scott were added. Marie died in her sleep in London on 15th April, 1850. Madame Tussauds though continued to thrive, first through her sons and then grandsons. It was her grandsons who moved the exhibition to Marylebone Road in 1884, and since then other branches have been established in Amsterdam, Las Vegas, New York, Washington DC, Hong Kong and Shanghai. The modern Tussauds continues in the traditions of its founder, creating wax figures of the most notable individuals of every generation. location and characterstics The attraction is on the corner of Allsop Place and Marylebone Road, to the north of Central London. The nearest underground station is Baker Street, which is on the Jubilee, Bakerloo, Metropolitan, Circle and Hammersmith and City lines. Its distinguishing green dome used to house the London Planetarium. Green dome of Madame Tussauds History of location Following a successful tour of the UK, Madame Tussauds established a permanent base for her exhibition in London as the Baker Street Bazaar in 1835. Visitors paid sixpence for the chance to meet the biggest names of the day. The attraction moved to its present site in Marylebone Road in 1884. As fame grows it is a frequent observation that crowds of people can reduce enjoyment of the exhibit by increasing queuing times and causing crowding that has prompted complaints and many patrons to ask for refund Opening times Off-peak opening times are generally 9:30am to 5:30pm. Off-peak periods are weekdays and non UK school holidays. Peak opening times are 9am to 6pm. Peak opening times are weekends, UK school holidays, bank holidays and the whole of the summer period (July through August). In 2008, the opening times in the summer period were 9am to 7pm. Occasionally the attraction shuts early if there is a corporate event happening. ] Zones within the attraction A-List Party Formally Blush, this is the first room on the tour. Included in this room is the Big Brother experience, plus figures such as Samuel L Jackson, Morgan Freeman, Leo DiCaprio, Nicole Kidman David and Victoria Beckham and Robert Pattinson. It is designed to feel like you have stepped into a celebrity party, with wax figures dotted around the room. High School Musical Hannah Montana Launched in 2008, this room has a figure of Zac Efron as the character of Troy Bolton from the High School Musical franchise. The room is set like a basketball court and a locker room. It is interactive in that if you successfully shoot a basket a crowd will cheer. In addition the lockers have belongings of other characters of the movie. This zone also includes Miley Cyruss wax figure. There is also a karaoke facility, in which a person can sing Mileys songs. Premiere Night (Movie Room) This zone houses four Bollywood figures as well as celebrities from Hollywood, including Steven Spielberg, Jim Carrey and Audrey Hepburn. It also has several fictional characters: Shrek (which has a squeezable stomach), Spiderman, the Incredible Hulk (which had to be airlifted into the attraction due to its size) and the smallest wax figure ever made,[1] Tinker Bell. Sports Zone The Sports zone has several interactive elements. Putt a golf ball with Tiger Woods, stand on boxing scales next to Mohammed Ali and see what weight you would qualify for in boxing, take a penalty on a virtual reality screen, and ride a bike next to Lance Armstrong. A Royal Appointment In the Royals there is an opportunity to stand next to Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom and Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, Charles, Prince of Wales, Camilla, Duchess of Cornwall, Prince William of Wales and Prince Henry of Wales. Culture A mixture of cultural icons fill this area, including Albert Einstein, Stephen Hawking, Pablo Picasso and Charles Darwin. Music Megastars A mixture of music stars from across the decades appear in an area with a music stage complete with glitter balls. Music icons include Beyonce, Jennifer Lopez, Madonna, Britney Spears, Leona Lewis, Kylie Minogue, Amy Winehouse, Tom Jones, Bob Marley, Justin Timberlake and Freddie Mercury. The Beatles in this area appear on the album cover of Sgt. Peppers Lonely Hearts Club Band. World Leaders The World Leaders area of the attraction contains political and spiritual leaders of the World past and present. The new figure of Barack Obama dominates this area; he is standing in a mock-up of the Oval Office which has a replica of the Resolute desk. Other leaders in this area include Margaret Thatcher, Winston Churchill, Nicolas Sarkozy, Ronald Reagan, Tony Blair, Benazir Bhutto, Martin Luther King, Mustafa Kemal Ataturk and Gandhi. The World Leaders area is also noted for its inclusion of controversial figures, including Adolf Hitler, Saddam Hussein and Robert Mugabe. Mother Teresa is one of the very few icons to ask not to be made, saying her work was more important, not the person[2]. Another notable omission from this area is current British Prime Minister Gordon Brown the company said it has not been made into a wax figure due to his low popularity and not being elected into the position of Prime Minister, having assumed the position after the retirement of Tony Blair.[3] Chamber of Horrors and Scream The Chamber of Horrors is the horror section of Madame Tussauds, which showcases serial killers and murders. Included in this area are Guy Fawkes and Dennis Nilsen. This area also exhibits the original guillotine blade that killed Marie Antoinette. The Scream experience (formally Chamber Live) is a live-action, actor-led scare maze. It is based on the premise that several serial killers have been let loose in the chamber. This attraction is not suitable for pregnant women and children under 12 years of age. Behind the Secenes and History of Madame Tussauds This area shows the history of Marie Tussaud, and how she started creating wax figures. It also has an area on how the scupltors make the figures, using Beyoncà © as an example. Spirit of London ride The Spirit of London is a sit-down ride in which visitors sit in London taxis and are taken on a journey through the history of London. The ride starts in Tudor times and ends in the 1980s, passing through the times of Shakespeare, the Great Fire of London, the Industrial Revolution and the Swinging Sixties. The ride has commentary in a few languages and a photo is taken near the end of the ride which can be purchased when disembarke Top of Form Bottom of Form Top of Form James Bond The James Bond area contains the figures of Daniel Craig and Judi Dench. It has on display an original motorbike used in the James Bond movie Casino Royale. Warhols Women The Warhols Women zone contains the figure of Andy Warhol as well as the female celebrities he famously portrayed, including Marilyn Monroe in the classic pose where her skirt is blown upward, Liza Minnelli, Judy Garland, Jerry Hall and Jackie O. About Madame Tussauds Madame Tussauds has branches in 8 major cities (Amsterdam, Berlin, Hong Kong, Shanghai, New York, Las Vegas and Washington, D.C.). A 9th attraction in Hollywood is planned for 2009. Madame Tussauds is part of the Merlin Entertainments group, which also owns the London Eye, the Dungeons, Sea Life Centres and Legoland Discovery Centres, as well as theme parks including Alton Towers, Chessington World of Adventures and Thorpe Park in the UK, and Gardaland in Italy. KEY CHALLENGES TO BE FACED BY THE EXHIBITION Swar brooke(2002) states without visitor attractions there would be no need for other tourism services and tourism as such would not exist without them. Different attractions provide their customers with services that are available with in the attraction for example some give their visitors a day out ,others give educational services,some give their customers ancilliary operations but Madme tussauds is one that entertain its visitors with combination of all above mentioned services due to which it is important that this work is put into place to deal with consumers content health and safety and to make sure of their repeat visits. To maintain this standard of excellence the tussauds organisation may possibly face some challenges in future specially in Marketing and competition Customer care Human resource management SWOT ANALYSIS This can be used in order for the organisation to achieve their objectives. This procedure is an effective method of identifying businesses Strengths and Weaknesses, and to examine the Opportunities and Threats they face. Often carrying out an analysis using the SWOT framework that will be enough to reveal changes, which can be usefully made. Swift (2000) According to Hannagan (1992) he defined SWOT analysis as: A SWOT analysis helps to focus attention on the key areas in an organisation that need to be taken into account in producing a marketing planà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. A SWOT analysis is a smmary of the marketing audit. It highlights internal differential strengths and weaknesses form the customers point of view as they relate to external opportunities and threats. Madame Tussaud s is like any attraction/organisation that analysis its internal factors; this is carried out in the marketing process, to analyse the effectiveness of the business operation and their internal factors, which influence to their success. This is achieved by conducting the SWOT analysis. MARKETING AND COMPETITION : In todays world of business and economics makets have become very competitive therefore understanding consumer is no longer enough .Organisations must start giving attention to their competitors , if want to have share in the market. (kotler 2003) As it is stated before, Madame Tussauds it is a large organisation within the travel and tourism industry, therefore it face high standard of challenger not only in London but all around UK,which can become stronger in the future. that is why more effective marketing is required to survive in the competition However, it uses circulation channel for more knowledge of their product national and international. They mainly deliver the awareness of their product/service through the Internet, as it is global. However, other sources of promoting and awareness of their product is mainly done through Media, in the form of posters at tube stations and bus sides which is mainly and to communicate the brand to a wider audience, public relations, portraits, business development and Banqueting Co-operate Entertaining, The prime objective of the organisation is to stay London top paying attraction,therefore a marketing strategy should be in terms of its target,current and potential market study and their process of promotion in order to attract their product to their customer by distribution. However, the aim of promotional planning in the long run is not just to inform, but to promote customers to purchase products/services or, to adopt ideas. Therefore, effective promotion is usually attained by well researched for tracking sales levels and attitude patterns toward consumers needs, this means objective must link to the target aimed. This can be achieved by updating, convincing and highlighting the organisation current and potential target marke CUSTOMER CARE Ensuring that customers are provided with quality services every time is a key in organisational success. Like other tourist attractions Madame tussauds may also face the challenge of delivering quality customer care. The organisation should note that words of mouths from satisfied customers is a free advertising and improved reputation and above all an increased revenue. Tussauds organisation should maintain a high standard of customer care training with in the exhibition to achieve goals like Increase sales Gain a competitive advantage Maintain consumer loyalty Attract new consumers Gain customer satisfaction Enhance the visitor attraction image For achieving high standard of customer care the organisation must improve  ¨ Their queuing process in term of not making consumer to wait for a long period to enter the exhibition  ¨ Signs around the exhibition for direction (such as direction for facilities for disabilities segment) Having more staff speaking different languages Having effective management that can handle crowd HUMAN RESOURCES Human resource management can also be a challenge as selection and recruitment costs will be much more due to the high presence of staff at visitor attractions. Competition in the service sector offering prmanent employment can detract suitable applicants from applying for positions within visitor attractions. With the high staff turnover consistency will be difficult to maintain within visitor attractions, which inevitably will have a negative effect on the quality of service delivered to customers. This is due to the fact that to be able to deliver quality services to consumers requires skilled and well-trained employees. As many employees of visitor attractions are employed on short-term contracts, operators may be less willing to invest in training and development for seasonal staff. In Scotland the Association of Scottish Visitor Attractions encourages its members to invest in training and development for all staff, whether full or part time, seasonal or permanent. Many operator s of attractions dislike spending money on training and development for seasonal employees as there is the possibility of the employees not returning the following year. Operators are being encouraged to invest in training and development as this has proven to lead to a stronger more motivated workforce. If employees are enable and empowered to deliver a quality service, employee turnover should reduce, and employees affected by seasonality would be easier retained for the next season to come. They mainly deliver the awareness of their product/service through the Internet, as it is global. However, other sources of promoting and awareness of their product is mainly done through Media, in the form of posters at tube stations and bus sides which is mainly and to communicate the brand to a wider audience, public relations, portraits, business development and Banqueting Co-operate Entertaining, The prime objective of the organisation is to stay London top paying attraction,therefore a marketing strategy should be in terms of its target,current and potential market study and their process of promotion in order to attract their product to their customer by distribution. However, the aim of promotional planning in the long run is not just to inform, but to promote customers to purchase products/services or, to adopt ideas. Therefore, effective promotion is usually attained by well researched for tracking sales levels and attitude patterns toward consumers needs, this means objective must link to the target aimed. This can be achieved by updating, convincing and highlighting the organisation current and potential target market. At the same time one of their target is to carry out a promotional action plan to tsarget market, attract all types of consumers both domestic and overseas CONCLUSION Operators in todays business environment face many challenges as we have seen in bring quality services to visitors of their attractions. By putting in place suitable measures and processes, and ensuring their employees are capable of knowledge about efficient customer care training, confidence and incentive in which to perform at their best, operators can gain an competitive edge in their market, and deliver customer satisfaction s every time.

Tuesday, November 12, 2019

Marketing of Lucky Charms

General Mills Goes Ceriously Retro Target is running a 1-month exclusive with General Mills showcasing retro packaging around Cocoa Puffs, Cheerios, Lucky Charms, Trix, Kix and other brands within their cereal portfolio. A collectable t-shirt is promoted on the new retro-themed packaging, offering consumers the chance to get a vintage-styled tee of their favorite morning munch. Overall, its a smart play. Target gains exclusivity, consumers feel rewarded with a limited piece of throwback merch, and wearing the fashion creates conversations around the cereal brands and must-have appeal for young-ins. A website has been built to offer up a chance to win the tees. This isn’t the first time General Mills or others have tapped the retro look. Junk Food was wildly popular with teens a few years back via licensed t-shirts using iconic General Mills logos and characters such as Lucky Charms, Trix and others 70’s and 80’s characters. Mountain Dew and Pepsi recently announched retro packaging and product formulated with real sugar in their Throwback LTO. Dew has also used their past icons successful in recent campaigns such as Green Label Art showcasing their legenday Hillbilly character. General Mills is likely reaching a younger consumer, a savvy trend follower that will still rock the retro tee, which will likely fare well when it’s time for parents to write their grocery lists. This type of straightforward offer often favors well in a value-focused economic environment where there is a lot of pressure on established name brands to keep generic from brands taking market share. Hell, even I’d consider rocking a Boo Berry t-shirt to the gym for anyone looking to pick me up a gift on my b-day (which is a only a month away)! General Mills to make all its cereals from healthier ingredients By Bob Faw NBC News updated 12:37 p. m. ET, Thurs. , Sept. 30, 2004 Each year the average American downs 160 bowls of cereal. Thursday will see a tremor in this $9-billion-a-year industry as General Mills announces that all of its cereals — not just Wheaties and Cheerios, but Cocoa Puffs and Lucky Charms — will be made with whole grains. â€Å"Emerging science continues to support the benefits of whole grains in people's diets whether t be heart health or maintaining a healthy body weight, and we are trying to make it easy,† says John Haugen, vice president of marketing at General Mills. â€Å"When the †¦ consumer trend of being more health conscious came out, we lost sales to competitors who were already in that space,† says Tony Alvaraez, CEO of Interstate Brands. While General Mills says it's spending millions on the switch to whole grains, the amount of sugar in its cereals — 13 grams, for example, in just one cup of Trix — won't change. So some industry observers are accusing General Mills of gimmickry. â€Å"Certainly it's a marketing ploy. This is about marketing. It's not really about nutrition,† says Marion Nestle, a nutritionist at New York University. Still, many mothers are applauding General Mills. â€Å"If it's to better the health of kids and whoever eats it, it's about time they started getting it done,† says Kris Simonson. Die-hard consumers like her daughter Kali Simonson could care less. As long as the cereal tastes good, she doesn’t care what's in it.  © 2008 msnbc. com_ Reprints_ *General Mills Thrives on Increased Marketing Spending: *Boosting TV Ads Hiked Cereal Sales, But Digital ROI Even Higher BOCA RATON, Fla. AdAge. com) — General Mills, one of the package-food industry's top performers, laid out a number of recent marketing successes at the Consumer Analysts Group of New York conference this morning, and offered a preview of the rest of its fiscal year. The company has staunchly supported consumer-marketing spending increases — 19% in the first half of fiscal 200 9, which began in June — while competitors, including Kellogg and Kraft, have begun to scale back on the heady marketing outlays of 2008, instead preaching bundling and greater return on investment. General Mills estimates that its consumer-marketing spending will be up by â€Å"double digits† for the full fiscal year. CEO Ken Powell has repeatedly said that it's particularly important to support well-known brands during the current economy. â€Å"We're meeting here in Florida at a time of great economic uncertainty around the world,† Mr. Powell said. â€Å"General Mills has weathered the storm due in large part to the strength of our product categories and the strength of our brands. † He underscored that the company has a number of well-known 50-year-old brands, such as Cheerios and Pillsbury, as well as 30-year-old brands such as Yoplait and Nature Valley, that consumers trust. Positive response General Mills' sales have responded well to increased marketing support as consumers are eating more at home. Sales grew 11% in the first half of fiscal 2009, to $7. 5 billion. The company has raised guidance with each of the first two quarters. General Mills is doing so well that analysts had been expecting the company to raise its earnings guidance again this morning. For the balance of 2009, the company said it is planning a broadcast blitz for its cereal brands. Ian Friendly, chief operating officer of U. S. retail operations, said he expects the ad program to generate the biggest bump in sales. The company's Cheerios, Honey Nut Cheerios, Multigrain Cheerios and Lucky Charms have been faring particularly well. General Mills is launching Banana Nut Cheerios, Cinnamon Chex, and Fiber One Frosted Shredded Wheat cereals in the coming months. Some of these products are likely to be advertised to baby boomers, who Mr. Friendly noted will make up about half of the U. S. population by 2010. When I started here in 1983, we didn't do much advertising to baby boomers,† he said, adding that boomers are eating more cereal as they age. â€Å"We're targeting them directly now. † The company is also working harder to target Hispanics, with Progresso products such as Menudo being tested in Texas. Mr. Friendly said the company credits Hispanic-targeted advertising for Honey Nut Cheerios with a 35% increase in year-to-date sales with those consume rs. Bromley Communications is General Mills' Hispanic agency. Online growth But while the bulk of the company's spend remains on TV, Mr. Friendly said in a conference with reporters that it has begun to see significantly higher return on digital investment. General Mills has been diverting funds online, driving traffic to recipe sites such as BettyCrocker. com. The company's cooking sites had about 8 million visitors last month. General Mills also recently launched a free Betty Crocker iPhone application, which offers meal suggestions based on what's in a consumer's pantry. â€Å"We are seeing very high returns from digital than broadcast,† Mr. Friendly said, declining to give the percentage of spending that's moved online. â€Å"It's ot that our TV ads don't work, but when you're watching TV you're doing it for a different reason. When you go to a website you have a very specific purpose. † General Mills Thanks Its Lucky Charms, Melinda Peer, 06. 18. 08, 5:45 PM ET http://www. forbes. com/2008/06/18/general-mills-guidance-markets-equity-cx_mp_markets38_print. html With higher ingredient costs eating int o food companies' profits, General Mills surprised investors with news that full-year results would be better than expected. That's because they've been serving up extra costs to consumers. Shares of General Mills, Inc. gained $1. 1, or 3. 2%, to close at $62. 64 on Wednesday after the company said year-end results would top guidance thanks to a 13. 0% sales increase in the fourth-quarter. The food company, which boasts popular brands like Cheerios, Yoplait, Green Giant and Haagen-Daz, now expects 2008 earnings of $3. 71 a share and sales of $13. 7 billion. Earnings, adjusted to exclude a favorable tax ruling and gains from valuations of commodity holdings, are expected to be $3. 52 a share–an 11. 0% increase from last year's earnings of $3. 18 a share. Analysts had been expecting earnings of $3. 48 and sales of $13. 4 billion. The company's previous guidance had been for adjusted earnings between $3. 45 and $3. 47 a share. But with commodity prices showing no signs of falling, it's unclear how long the General Mills can expect consumers to foot the bill. Cocoa U. S. futures soared to a 28-year high at $3,122 a tonne as investors responded to reports of pressured supply in the Ivory Coast, the world's top cocoa grower. Corn for delivery in July 2009 matched Monday's high of $8. 07 a bushel before settling ahead by 6 cents at about $8. 01 a bushel. General Mills, however, expects growth to meet or exceed expectations through 2009. It guided for adjusted earnings in the range of $3. 78 to $3. 83 a share. Analysts have been expecting earnings of $3. 81 a share in 2009. Rival company Kellogg's, raised prices in January to offset expensive raw material costs. Rather than hiking prices again, the company said it would shrink the size of cereal boxes instead and sell them for the same price (See: Kellogg's Crumbling Profits). Kellogg's skimmed an average of 2. 4 ounces from boxes that will be used for 14 products under brands like Apple Jacks, Cocoa Krispies, Corn Pops, Froot Loops and Honey Smacks. The boxes shipped to U. S. stores earlier this month.

Sunday, November 10, 2019

Public and Private Sector Collaborations Essay

Open research organizations and private firms work under very diverse situations and with poles a-part aims and objectives, which result in fairly different outcomes in the two types of organizations. Public researchers are mainly ambitious due to their willingness to expand knowledge and publish them in journals and magazines to help for the cause of bringing it to knowledge of the masses. On the other hand, private firms and ventures aim to achieve higher profits through commercially valid information that the firm builds up or obtain to be kept in the boundaries of the company and far away from opponents in the market or the industry. This usually results in the conflicts among the two forms of organizations and it is difficult to work in collaboration between the public and private organizations. But it has also been evident from the past that, private companies and firms which have worked in public collaborations, although not many succeeded, but those who did, have been able to achieve goals and have set trends for other organizations to work for the cause of social development and enhancement of public systems for noble cause. Current Situation (LoJack) and Strategy: LoJack Corporation markets and authorizes the LoJack System, a unique, proprietary system used entirely by law enforcement workforce to track, establish, and pick up stolen motor vehicles. The problem of vehicle theft has escalated to an epidemic level an estimated to result in an yearly loss of approximately $8 billion. The LoJack System has an established track evidence of falling damages, striking public protection, and solving grave crimes related to motor vehicle thievery, all accomplished within the realistic restrictions of overburdened law enforcement structure.   Currently, LoJack has unique system designed to assist law enforcement in locating and tracking stole vehicles. Competition is fierce if viewed with Telemetric and GPS tracking devices. However, if we look at vehicle recovery systems, LoJack is the global leader with a law enforcement network that cannot be easily duplicated.   This law enforcement network is challenging politically and requires a high degree of local political assistance.   Financially, sales are climbing, but year over year growth is declining.   The distribution system through auto retailers seems stuck to new car sales. The LoJack strategy at the present time consists of several discrete variables.   LoJack has elected to expand into new geographic areas and markets which is a logical growth strategy for the firm which has established an enviable reputation in terms of asset recovery systems.   This company has developed a new tracking unit that permits it to move into new segments such as trailers while simultaneously reducing costs for such units, therefore, establishing itself as a cost leader in the sector.  Ã‚  Ã‚   This combined with a strong differentiation of product through law enforcement networks gives LoJack a strong competitive advantage.   These are strengths that cannot be quickly or easily duplicated and because of the proprietary technical aspect of this product.   Competitors would have to try and find substitute products to compete directly with LoJack. Competitive Environment New Entrants Teletrec and other competitors were on the market prior to LoJack’s entrance and other competitors are entering the market through GPS based systems such as ‘OnStar’.   These systems are not a onetime purchase but incur monthly fees to maintain service and may require the use of a cell phone. Substitutes Just as with GPS, there is a threat of substitute products coming on-line through new technology, but this threat should be mitigated by LoJack’s network with local law enforcement agencies. Suppliers Suppliers are also a threat as the auto industry is developing its own telematics technology.   The automakers have started relying on standards to speed up the plan cycle. Their incapability to bring state-of-the-art activity, communication, routing, and other â€Å"telematics† (navigation, driver-warning, and communication systems) evidently emphasize the manufacturers’ unwillingness to relying on these standards. The automakers came into view to have understood their errors and restrictions and are participating in the development of new network standards for both critical mission and convenience or entertainment systems. LoJack must continue to market its law enforcement advantage to thwart off this threat. Buyers At this stage, buyers have relatively limited buying power due to the lack of alternative technology. However, the threat is the heavy reliance on car dealers to sell the product.   If there is no incentive to do so, then the buyer may lack the knowledge that would drive the purchase. Intensity of Rivalry Although the product is in its growing stages, and there is no clear competition, the increased activity in this sector could be conducive of a threat to achieve a large enough market share to make the implementation worthwhile. Perspective on network level strategy Both LoJack and Micro Logic embrace the embedded organizational structure.   While they both have proprietary technology, they rely on other organizations to leverage these technologies.   LoJack’s technology would not have been possible without the alliance with local law enforcement agencies, Motorola, and Micro Logic.   Micro Logic’s existence had been to partner with organizations to influence its technological resourcefulness to additionally expand the companies that it works for.   It would take an evenhandedness stand in these companies and take a long term approach. In order for Micro Logic to be successful in this venture, it would need to rely on LoJack’s distribution and marketing systems. Not only to sell its products but also to ensure its own financial stability. If LoJack is to review its long term strategy, it must understand that research and development are not at the core of its operation.   Motorola is a key component to both LoJack and Micro Logic and has been a strong partner providing vital assistance. They cannot be relied on to only provide this technology to LoJack.   They are a much larger company and will look to broaden their reach.   In the fall of 1999 Motorola was already working to become a driving force in the telematics industry and moved to position itself with the major car companies. Recommendations Short Term LoJack should look to form a free alliance with Micro Logic. This would allow for LoJack to expand into the new market of construction equipment where need exist and no clear provider exist. An alliance between these two organizations has a proven track record and a proven product that can be marketed globally. The alliance should tackle the construction equipment market. This is a market that has a strong need for a location and asset management technology there is no clear market leader and creativity and innovation in products play a vital role to become a leader. The combination of LoJack’s proven solution for tracking and the ability of Micro Logic to develop strong asset management software would allow for strong penetration in this market.   Both organizations should look to work in their core areas of expertise. LoJack recognizes how to market and allocate the products and Micro Logic should right away assume the Research &Development purpose. This will allow both companies to continue to drive down cost. LoJack presently has sufficient cash on hand to assist the need for cash with Micro Logic.   At this point, the cash infusion should be done as a low or no interest loan to Micro Logic. The partnership works well over time, Micro Logic can establish if this is their core business.   If not, they will be able to sell this product back to LoJack just as it did the first time and move in a different direction or become a secondary firm to LoJack.   Motorola is currently working on the 3rd generation LoJack and Micro Logic sho uld work directly with Motorola on this function. Medium Term Once a clear hold on the construction market is protected, then the alliance will have the opportunity to move into the trailer market. A proven track record in auto recovery and construction equipment asset management will allow strong credibility and should allow LoJack and Micro Logic to become the market leaders. During this stage both firms will need to determine the structure of the company and if they are able to grow construction equipment sales to the same rate as existing auto sales then LoJack would be in a position to either absorb Metrologic into the existing organization or turn Micro Logic into a subsidiary. Long Term Emerging markets will be critical to the long term success of LoJack.   With a strong foothold on the construction market this area would be a logical first step into emerging markets as contraction equipment would usually surpass new car sales.   Immerging markets will provide the strongest revenue growths for the company and is possible this may need to be moved into the mid-term focus depending on the success for the technology.

Friday, November 8, 2019

The Mystery Of Inspector Goole Essays

The Mystery Of Inspector Goole Essays The Mystery Of Inspector Goole Paper The Mystery Of Inspector Goole Paper Essay Topic: Literature The inspector is a strange character and this is shown throughout the play in several situations. An inspector should talk to people with courtesy and respect, especially to the Birlings as they are respected and upheld members of the public. The inspector however, does not and proceeds to interrogate them in a very peculiar manner. It appears as the inspector does have manners at first when he enters but as the play develops he has no respect for any of them. This asks the question that although the inspector may be new surely he should know the simple procedure of interrogation and how to behave and respond to people. So why could it be that the inspector has this mysterious and bewildering side to him? He is far too inquisitive and upfront with everyone he speaks to. Why could this be? Could he be an impostor? Or is he something more. The inspector leaves under very strange circumstances and you think now more of it because the Birlings have not committed any known offences and therefore cannot be charged with anything. However at the end Gerald seems to think he has it all figured out, that the inspector was merely an impostor and then they phone the infirmary to see if any girls had come in and died through swallowing disinfectant. The infirmary is sure that no one has been taken in. Then the telephone rings sharply and Birling answers. He tells everyone that a girl has just died through swallowing strong disinfectant and a police inspector is on his way over to ask some questions. This I imagine scares them all terribly and would make anyone reading or observing the play wonder whether the inspector was a paranormal being. No one knows that the inspector is an impostor at the start but as the play draws on it does seem to become apparent that he could be an impostor or maybe something else. There is no way anyone could have known about the incident, which was due to happen with Eva Smith. There is a possibility that the inspector may not be as real as the other people because he does not have a drink when offered by Birling and would not let anyone touch the pictures he had in his pocket, which could mean two things. He may either not want anyone to touch them or not want a drink because of his given reason, he was on duty or they dont exist and nor does he. However there are other theories as to what or who the inspector is. From background information I have found out that Priestly was extremely interested in fourth dimension and time. So could the inspector have been something from a time paradox or slip. The inspector could equally be a representation of justice. He may not be a real person but a representation of the truth and it merely takes this to bring out the truth from all the people interrogated. This is an extremely plausible answer because the inspector gets extremely emotional about certain things and a real inspector would not let this happen to himself regardless of how emotional a case may be. Once again we come to respect and how the inspector presents himself and reacts and acts with the Birlings. He shows a complete lack of respect for them that again puts forward the idea that the inspector may be an impostor. In conclusion I think that the inspector is a partially real person. I believe he may be a form of ghost or angel representing the truth and does exist but only in the form that you can see or touch him and he touch you but not you touch him. The time paradox would be a more plausible answer but who knows that they exist where as we have back up that angels are supposed to be out there somewhere watching us and maybe this angel of truth was Eva Smiths and had to justify the truth and how she dies rather than letting her die with no one knowing and no one caring.